pgsql: Assorted examples of expanded type-safer palloc/pg_malloc API

Assorted examples of expanded type-safer palloc/pg_malloc API

This adds some uses of the new palloc/pg_malloc variants here and
there as a demonstration and test. This is kept separate from the
actual API patch, since the latter might be backpatched at some point.

Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl(at)sss(dot)pgh(dot)pa(dot)us>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/bb755632-2a43-d523-36f8-a1e7a389a907(at)enterprisedb(dot)com

Branch
------
master

Details
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https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/5015e1e1b58f81a036e4ad16291ef4b3bb7a596c

Modified Files
--------------
contrib/dblink/dblink.c | 12 ++++-----
src/backend/access/brin/brin.c | 14 +++++-----
src/backend/access/gin/ginfast.c | 17 +++++-------
src/backend/commands/indexcmds.c | 42 ++++++++++++++---------------
src/backend/commands/prepare.c | 6 ++---
src/backend/executor/nodeHash.c | 57 ++++++++++++++++------------------------
src/backend/tcop/postgres.c | 9 +++----
src/bin/pg_dump/common.c | 24 +++++++----------
src/bin/pg_dump/pg_backup_tar.c | 10 +++----
src/bin/psql/startup.c | 6 ++---
src/common/config_info.c | 2 +-
src/common/controldata_utils.c | 2 +-
12 files changed, 90 insertions(+), 111 deletions(-)