pgsql: Support the old signature of BRIN consistent function

Support the old signature of BRIN consistent function

Commit a1c649d889 changed the signature of the BRIN consistent function
by adding a new required parameter. Treating the parameter as optional,
which would make the change backwards incompatibile, was rejected with
the justification that there are few out-of-core extensions, so it's not
worth adding making the code more complex, and it's better to deal with
that in the extension.

But after further thought, that would be rather problematic, because
pg_upgrade simply dumps catalog contents and the same version of an
extension needs to work on both PostgreSQL versions. Supporting both
variants of the consistent function (with 3 or 4 arguments) makes that
possible.

The signature is not the only thing that changed, as commit 72ccf55cb9
moved handling of IS [NOT] NULL keys from the support procedures. But
this change is backward compatible - handling the keys in exension is
unnecessary, but harmless. The consistent function will do a bit of
unnecessary work, but it should be very cheap.

This also undoes most of the changes to the existing opclasses (minmax
and inclusion), making them use the old signature again. This should
make backpatching simpler.

Catversion bump, because of changes in pg_amproc.

Author: Tomas Vondra <tomas(dot)vondra(at)postgresql(dot)org>
Author: Nikita Glukhov <n(dot)gluhov(at)postgrespro(dot)ru>
Reviewed-by: Mark Dilger <hornschnorter(at)gmail(dot)com>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Korotkov <aekorotkov(at)gmail(dot)com>
Reviewed-by: Masahiko Sawada <masahiko(dot)sawada(at)enterprisedb(dot)com>
Reviewed-by: John Naylor <john(dot)naylor(at)enterprisedb(dot)com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/c1138ead-7668-f0e1-0638-c3be3237e812@2ndquadrant.com

Branch
------
master

Details
-------
https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/a681e3c107aa97eb554f118935c4d2278892c3dd

Modified Files
--------------
doc/src/sgml/brin.sgml | 13 ++++
src/backend/access/brin/brin.c | 60 ++++++++++++----
src/backend/access/brin/brin_inclusion.c | 116 +++++++++++--------------------
src/backend/access/brin/brin_minmax.c | 70 +++++--------------
src/backend/access/brin/brin_validate.c | 2 +-
src/include/catalog/catversion.h | 2 +-
src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat | 4 +-
7 files changed, 121 insertions(+), 146 deletions(-)