pgsql: Use LEFT JOINs in some system views in case referenced row doesn

Use LEFT JOINs in some system views in case referenced row doesn't exist.

In particular, left join to pg_authid so that rows in pg_stat_activity
don't disappear if the session's owning user has been dropped.
Also convert a few joins to pg_database to left joins, in the same spirit,
though that case might be harder to hit. We were doing this in other
views already, so it was a bit inconsistent that these views didn't.

Oskari Saarenmaa, with some further tweaking by me

Discussion: <56E87CD8(dot)60007(at)ohmu(dot)fi>

Branch
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master

Details
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http://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/8299471c37fff0b0f5a777a12f920125310c0efe

Modified Files
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src/backend/catalog/system_views.sql | 20 +++++++++-----------
src/include/catalog/catversion.h | 2 +-
src/test/regress/expected/rules.out | 20 +++++++++-----------
3 files changed, 19 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)