pgsql: Sync our copy of the timezone library with IANA release tzcode20

Sync our copy of the timezone library with IANA release tzcode2016c.

We hadn't done this in about six years, which proves to have been a mistake
because there's been a lot of code churn upstream, making the merge rather
painful. But putting it off any further isn't going to lessen the pain,
and there are at least two incompatible changes that we need to absorb
before someone starts complaining that --with-system-tzdata doesn't work
at all on their platform, or we get blindsided by a tzdata release that
our out-of-date zic can't compile. Last week's "time zone abbreviation
differs from POSIX standard" mess was a wake-up call in that regard.

This is a sufficiently large patch that I'm afraid to back-patch it
immediately, though the foregoing considerations imply that we probably
should do so eventually. For the moment, just put it in HEAD so that
it can get some testing. Maybe we can wait till the end of the 9.6
beta cycle before deeming it okay.

Branch
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master

Details
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http://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/1c1a7cbd6a1600c97dfcd9b5dc78a23b5db9bbf6

Modified Files
--------------
src/timezone/Makefile | 2 +-
src/timezone/README | 93 ++-
src/timezone/ialloc.c | 76 --
src/timezone/localtime.c | 942 ++++++++++++---------
src/timezone/pgtz.c | 8 +-
src/timezone/pgtz.h | 18 +-
src/timezone/private.h | 76 +-
src/timezone/scheck.c | 62 --
src/timezone/strftime.c | 84 +-
src/timezone/tzfile.h | 31 +-
src/timezone/zic.c | 2080 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------
11 files changed, 2094 insertions(+), 1378 deletions(-)