Re: Guidance on INSERT RETURNING order

May I clarify the ideas being discussed so far, perhaps with a view to make
a relevant proposal. My apologies if I get anything wrong or go too far.

As I understand it the proposal is to supplement the syntax to something
like:

INSERT INTO table (a, b, c)
VALUES ((1,2,3), (4,5,6), ...)
WITH ORDINALITY
RETURNING table.id, ordinality
;

The meaning of which is to adjoin an ordinality column to the output
reflecting the declaration order in the values clause. So an output of
(not necessarily in any order):
(1001, 1)
(1003, 2)
means that table.id = 1001 was assigned to the inserted row from tuple
(1,2,3) (from VALUES, because that table.id is associated to ordinality =
1) and table.id = 1003 was assigned to the inserted row from tuple
(4,5,6). The output being ordered as determined by the internals of query
execution (not necessarily the one shown).

Is that correct?

I presume (although, not quite so clear) that one would have:

INSERT INTO table (a, b, c)
SELECT a_val, b_val, c_val
FROM joined_tables
WHERE some_condition
ORDER BY something_relevant
WITH ORDINALITY
RETURNING table.id, ordinality
;

The meaning being very much as before replacing 'declaration order' by 'row
order of the SELECT statement as defined by the ORDER BY clause'; so pretty
much like a row_number() but in the output of the RETURNING clause (and
without an OVER modification). I added the ORDER BY clause as I don't
really see what this would mean without it; but this (presumably) does not
affect output order only the order of the incoming rows (and hence the
generation of the ordinality output).

Is that correct?

Might there be a natural syntax to label the 'ordinality' output column?
Perhaps something like:

...
WITH ORDINALITY (col_name)
RETURNING table.id, col_name
;

I don't want to clash with the syntax for Table Functions.

Is it a step too far to propose allowing an additional ORDER BY clause
after the RETURNING clause (a specific declaration for the query execution
to assign cpu cycles; especially if the WITH ORDINALITY is not tied to
output order)?

Personally, I didn't see Frederico's comment as anything to do with order;
just how one could output additional values in the RETURNING clause
(namely, v.num from a subexpression of the SELECT but in whatever order it
comes). On the other hand, that seems a lot more complicated to me because
it is not an expression in the overall SELECT feeding the INSERT, whereas
the WITH ORDINALITY is a specific declaration to match input order with
output order by inserting a counter.

Apologies, if I have misunderstood or invented something that's not
possible!