"A Machine-Checked Proof of the Average-Case Complexity of Quicksort in Coq"
By Eelis van der Weegen and James McKinna
Institute for Computing and Information Sciences
Radboud University Nijmegen
Heijendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Contains a formal proof, validated by machine logic, that quicksort is quadratic in the worst case and also a formal proof of the average runtime efficiency.