performance drop when function argument is evaluated in WHERE clause

Hi all. I have a function that uses a "simple" select between 3 tables. There is a function argument to help choose how a WHERE clause applies. This is the code section:

select * from....
[...]
where case $3
when 'I' then [filter 1]
when 'E' then [filter 2]
when 'P' then [filter 3]
else true end

When the function is called with, say, parameter $3 = 'I', the funcion run in 250ms,
but when there is no case involved, and i call directly "with [filter 1]" the function runs in 70ms.

Looks like the CASE is doing something nasty.
Any hints about this?

Thanks!
Gerardo