Re: [PATCH] hstore documentation update

Applied. Thanks.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

David E. Wheeler wrote:
> From: David E. Wheeler <david(at)justatheory(dot)com>
>
> As I threatened when I reviewed hstore in the last two commit
> fests, I've finally seen may way to edit the documentation. This
> is mostly word-smithing, making sure that all `>`s are encoded,
> making sure that various text is properly tagged with `<type>`
> and `<literal>` tags, plus an extra note or two. I submit this
> patch for the next CommitFest (though I don't know how much CFing
> is needed for a pure documenation patch).
>
> Best,
>
> David
>
> ---
> doc/src/sgml/hstore.sgml | 190 +++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------
> 1 files changed, 102 insertions(+), 88 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/hstore.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/hstore.sgml
> index f237be7..fcff6e3 100644
> *** a/doc/src/sgml/hstore.sgml
> --- b/doc/src/sgml/hstore.sgml
> ***************
> *** 8,69 ****
> </indexterm>
>
> <para>
> ! This module implements a data type <type>hstore</> for storing sets of
> ! (key,value) pairs within a single <productname>PostgreSQL</> data field.
> This can be useful in various scenarios, such as rows with many attributes
> that are rarely examined, or semi-structured data. Keys and values are
> ! arbitrary text strings.
> </para>
>
> <sect2>
> <title><type>hstore</> External Representation</title>
>
> <para>
> ! The text representation of an <type>hstore</> value includes zero
> ! or more <replaceable>key</> <literal>=&gt;</> <replaceable>value</>
> ! items, separated by commas. For example:
>
> <programlisting>
> ! k => v
> ! foo => bar, baz => whatever
> ! "1-a" => "anything at all"
> </programlisting>
>
> ! The order of the items is not considered significant (and may not be
> ! reproduced on output). Whitespace between items or around the
> ! <literal>=&gt;</> sign is ignored. Use double quotes if a key or
> ! value includes whitespace, comma, <literal>=</> or <literal>&gt;</>.
> ! To include a double quote or a backslash in a key or value, precede
> ! it with another backslash.
> </para>
>
> <para>
> ! A value (but not a key) can be a SQL NULL. This is represented as
>
> <programlisting>
> ! key => NULL
> </programlisting>
>
> ! The <literal>NULL</> keyword is not case-sensitive. Again, use
> ! double quotes if you want the string <literal>null</> to be treated
> ! as an ordinary data value.
> </para>
>
> <note>
> <para>
> ! Keep in mind that the above format, when used to input hstore values,
> ! applies <emphasis>before</> any required quoting or escaping. If you
> ! are passing an hstore literal via a parameter, then no additional
> ! processing is needed. If you are passing it as a quoted literal
> ! constant, then any single-quote characters and (depending on the
> ! setting of <varname>standard_conforming_strings</>) backslash characters
> ! need to be escaped correctly. See <xref linkend="sql-syntax-strings">.
> </para>
> </note>
>
> <para>
> ! Double quotes are always used to surround key and value
> ! strings on output, even when this is not strictly necessary.
> </para>
>
> </sect2>
> --- 8,83 ----
> </indexterm>
>
> <para>
> ! This module implements the <type>hstore</> data type for storing sets of
> ! key/value pairs within a single <productname>PostgreSQL</> value.
> This can be useful in various scenarios, such as rows with many attributes
> that are rarely examined, or semi-structured data. Keys and values are
> ! simply text strings.
> </para>
>
> <sect2>
> <title><type>hstore</> External Representation</title>
>
> <para>
> !
> ! The text representation of an <type>hstore</>, used for input and output,
> ! includes zero or more <replaceable>key</> <literal>=&gt;</>
> ! <replaceable>value</> pairs separated by commas. Some examples:
>
> <programlisting>
> ! k =&gt; v
> ! foo =&gt; bar, baz =&gt; whatever
> ! "1-a" =&gt; "anything at all"
> </programlisting>
>
> ! The order of the pairs is not significant (and may not be reproduced on
> ! output). Whitespace between pairs or around the <literal>=&gt;</> sign is
> ! ignored. Double-quote keys and values that include whitespace, commas,
> ! <literal>=</>s or <literal>&gt;</>s. To include a double quote or a
> ! backslash in a key or value, escape it with a backslash.
> </para>
>
> <para>
> ! Each key in an <type>hstore</> is unique. If you declare an <type>hstore</>
> ! with duplicate keys, only one will be stored in the <type>hstore</> and
> ! there is no guarantee as to which will be kept:
>
> <programlisting>
> ! % select 'a=&gt;1,a=&gt;2'::hstore;
> ! hstore
> ! ----------
> ! "a"=&gt;"1"
> </programlisting>
> + </para>
>
> ! <para>
> ! A value (but not a key) can be an SQL <literal>NULL</>. For example:
> !
> ! <programlisting>
> ! key =&gt; NULL
> ! </programlisting>
> !
> ! The <literal>NULL</> keyword is case-insensitive. Double-quote the
> ! <literal>NULL</> to treat it as the ordinary string "NULL".
> </para>
>
> <note>
> <para>
> ! Keep in mind that the <type>hstore</> text format, when used for input,
> ! applies <emphasis>before</> any required quoting or escaping. If you are
> ! passing an <type>hstore</> literal via a parameter, then no additional
> ! processing is needed. But if you're passing it as a quoted literal
> ! constant, then any single-quote characters and (depending on the setting of
> ! the <varname>standard_conforming_strings</> configuration parameter)
> ! backslash characters need to be escaped correctly. See
> ! <xref linkend="sql-syntax-strings"> for more on the handling of string
> ! constants.
> </para>
> </note>
>
> <para>
> ! On output, double quotes always surround keys and values, even when it's
> ! not strictly necessary.
> </para>
>
> </sect2>
> ***************
> *** 87,128 ****
> <tbody>
> <row>
> <entry><type>hstore</> <literal>-&gt;</> <type>text</></entry>
> ! <entry>get value for key (null if not present)</entry>
> <entry><literal>'a=&gt;x, b=&gt;y'::hstore -&gt; 'a'</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>x</literal></entry>
> </row>
>
> <row>
> <entry><type>hstore</> <literal>-&gt;</> <type>text[]</></entry>
> ! <entry>get values for keys (null if not present)</entry>
> <entry><literal>'a=&gt;x, b=&gt;y, c=&gt;z'::hstore -&gt; ARRAY['c','a']</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>{"z","x"}</literal></entry>
> </row>
>
> <row>
> <entry><type>text</> <literal>=&gt;</> <type>text</></entry>
> ! <entry>make single-item <type>hstore</></entry>
> <entry><literal>'a' =&gt; 'b'</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>"a"=&gt;"b"</literal></entry>
> </row>
>
> <row>
> <entry><type>text[]</> <literal>=&gt;</> <type>text[]</></entry>
> ! <entry>construct an <type>hstore</> value from separate key and value arrays</entry>
> <entry><literal>ARRAY['a','b'] =&gt; ARRAY['1','2']</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>"a"=&gt;"1","b"=&gt;"2"</literal></entry>
> </row>
>
> <row>
> <entry><type>hstore</> <literal>=&gt;</> <type>text[]</></entry>
> ! <entry>extract a subset of an <type>hstore</> value</entry>
> <entry><literal>'a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2,c=&gt;3'::hstore =&gt; ARRAY['b','c','x']</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>"b"=&gt;"2", "c"=&gt;"3"</literal></entry>
> </row>
>
> <row>
> <entry><type>hstore</> <literal>||</> <type>hstore</></entry>
> ! <entry>concatenation</entry>
> <entry><literal>'a=&gt;b, c=&gt;d'::hstore || 'c=&gt;x, d=&gt;q'::hstore</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>"a"=&gt;"b", "c"=&gt;"x", "d"=&gt;"q"</literal></entry>
> </row>
> --- 101,142 ----
> <tbody>
> <row>
> <entry><type>hstore</> <literal>-&gt;</> <type>text</></entry>
> ! <entry>get value for key (<literal>NULL</> if not present)</entry>
> <entry><literal>'a=&gt;x, b=&gt;y'::hstore -&gt; 'a'</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>x</literal></entry>
> </row>
>
> <row>
> <entry><type>hstore</> <literal>-&gt;</> <type>text[]</></entry>
> ! <entry>get values for keys (<literal>NULL</> if not present)</entry>
> <entry><literal>'a=&gt;x, b=&gt;y, c=&gt;z'::hstore -&gt; ARRAY['c','a']</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>{"z","x"}</literal></entry>
> </row>
>
> <row>
> <entry><type>text</> <literal>=&gt;</> <type>text</></entry>
> ! <entry>make single-pair <type>hstore</></entry>
> <entry><literal>'a' =&gt; 'b'</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>"a"=&gt;"b"</literal></entry>
> </row>
>
> <row>
> <entry><type>text[]</> <literal>=&gt;</> <type>text[]</></entry>
> ! <entry>construct an <type>hstore</> from separate key and value arrays</entry>
> <entry><literal>ARRAY['a','b'] =&gt; ARRAY['1','2']</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>"a"=&gt;"1","b"=&gt;"2"</literal></entry>
> </row>
>
> <row>
> <entry><type>hstore</> <literal>=&gt;</> <type>text[]</></entry>
> ! <entry>extract a subset of an <type>hstore</></entry>
> <entry><literal>'a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2,c=&gt;3'::hstore =&gt; ARRAY['b','c','x']</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>"b"=&gt;"2", "c"=&gt;"3"</literal></entry>
> </row>
>
> <row>
> <entry><type>hstore</> <literal>||</> <type>hstore</></entry>
> ! <entry>concatenate <type>hstore</>s</entry>
> <entry><literal>'a=&gt;b, c=&gt;d'::hstore || 'c=&gt;x, d=&gt;q'::hstore</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>"a"=&gt;"b", "c"=&gt;"x", "d"=&gt;"q"</literal></entry>
> </row>
> ***************
> *** 178,205 ****
>
> <row>
> <entry><type>hstore</> <literal>-</> <type>hstore</></entry>
> ! <entry>delete matching key/value pairs from left operand</entry>
> <entry><literal>'a=&gt;1, b=&gt;2, c=&gt;3'::hstore - 'a=&gt;4, b=&gt;2'::hstore</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>"a"=&gt;"1", "c"=&gt;"3"</literal></entry>
> </row>
>
> <row>
> <entry><type>record</> <literal>#=</> <type>hstore</></entry>
> ! <entry>replace fields in record with matching values from hstore</entry>
> <entry>see Examples section</entry>
> <entry></entry>
> </row>
>
> <row>
> <entry><literal>%%</> <type>hstore</></entry>
> ! <entry>convert hstore to array of alternating keys and values</entry>
> <entry><literal>%% 'a=&gt;foo, b=&gt;bar'::hstore</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>{a,foo,b,bar}</literal></entry>
> </row>
>
> <row>
> <entry><literal>%#</> <type>hstore</></entry>
> ! <entry>convert hstore to two-dimensional key/value array</entry>
> <entry><literal>%# 'a=&gt;foo, b=&gt;bar'::hstore</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>{{a,foo},{b,bar}}</literal></entry>
> </row>
> --- 192,219 ----
>
> <row>
> <entry><type>hstore</> <literal>-</> <type>hstore</></entry>
> ! <entry>delete matching pairs from left operand</entry>
> <entry><literal>'a=&gt;1, b=&gt;2, c=&gt;3'::hstore - 'a=&gt;4, b=&gt;2'::hstore</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>"a"=&gt;"1", "c"=&gt;"3"</literal></entry>
> </row>
>
> <row>
> <entry><type>record</> <literal>#=</> <type>hstore</></entry>
> ! <entry>replace fields in <type>record</> with matching values from <type>hstore</></entry>
> <entry>see Examples section</entry>
> <entry></entry>
> </row>
>
> <row>
> <entry><literal>%%</> <type>hstore</></entry>
> ! <entry>convert <type>hstore</> to array of alternating keys and values</entry>
> <entry><literal>%% 'a=&gt;foo, b=&gt;bar'::hstore</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>{a,foo,b,bar}</literal></entry>
> </row>
>
> <row>
> <entry><literal>%#</> <type>hstore</></entry>
> ! <entry>convert <type>hstore</> to two-dimensional key/value array</entry>
> <entry><literal>%# 'a=&gt;foo, b=&gt;bar'::hstore</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>{{a,foo},{b,bar}}</literal></entry>
> </row>
> ***************
> *** 208,220 ****
> </tgroup>
> </table>
>
> <para>
> ! (Before PostgreSQL 8.2, the containment operators @&gt; and &lt;@ were
> ! respectively called @ and ~. These names are still available, but are
> ! deprecated and will eventually be retired. Notice that the old names
> ! are reversed from the convention formerly followed by the core geometric
> ! datatypes!)
> ! </para>
>
> <table id="hstore-func-table">
> <title><type>hstore</> Functions</title>
> --- 222,236 ----
> </tgroup>
> </table>
>
> + <note>
> <para>
> ! Prior to PostgreSQL 8.2, the containment operators <literal>@&gt;</>
> ! and <literal>&lt;@</> were called <literal>@</> and <literal>~</>,
> ! respectively. These names are still available, but are deprecated and will
> ! eventually be removed. Notice that the old names are reversed from the
> ! convention formerly followed by the core geometric datatypes!
> ! </para>
> ! </note>
>
> <table id="hstore-func-table">
> <title><type>hstore</> Functions</title>
> ***************
> *** 251,257 ****
> <row>
> <entry><function>akeys(hstore)</function></entry>
> <entry><type>text[]</type></entry>
> ! <entry>get <type>hstore</>'s keys as array</entry>
> <entry><literal>akeys('a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2')</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>{a,b}</literal></entry>
> </row>
> --- 267,273 ----
> <row>
> <entry><function>akeys(hstore)</function></entry>
> <entry><type>text[]</type></entry>
> ! <entry>get <type>hstore</>'s keys as an array</entry>
> <entry><literal>akeys('a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2')</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>{a,b}</literal></entry>
> </row>
> ***************
> *** 259,268 ****
> <row>
> <entry><function>skeys(hstore)</function></entry>
> <entry><type>setof text</type></entry>
> ! <entry>get <type>hstore</>'s keys as set</entry>
> <entry><literal>skeys('a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2')</literal></entry>
> <entry>
> ! <programlisting>
> a
> b
> </programlisting></entry>
> --- 275,284 ----
> <row>
> <entry><function>skeys(hstore)</function></entry>
> <entry><type>setof text</type></entry>
> ! <entry>get <type>hstore</>'s keys as a set</entry>
> <entry><literal>skeys('a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2')</literal></entry>
> <entry>
> ! 22<programlisting>
> a
> b
> </programlisting></entry>
> *************** b
> *** 271,277 ****
> <row>
> <entry><function>avals(hstore)</function></entry>
> <entry><type>text[]</type></entry>
> ! <entry>get <type>hstore</>'s values as array</entry>
> <entry><literal>avals('a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2')</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>{1,2}</literal></entry>
> </row>
> --- 287,293 ----
> <row>
> <entry><function>avals(hstore)</function></entry>
> <entry><type>text[]</type></entry>
> ! <entry>get <type>hstore</>'s values as an array</entry>
> <entry><literal>avals('a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2')</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>{1,2}</literal></entry>
> </row>
> *************** b
> *** 279,285 ****
> <row>
> <entry><function>svals(hstore)</function></entry>
> <entry><type>setof text</type></entry>
> ! <entry>get <type>hstore</>'s values as set</entry>
> <entry><literal>svals('a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2')</literal></entry>
> <entry>
> <programlisting>
> --- 295,301 ----
> <row>
> <entry><function>svals(hstore)</function></entry>
> <entry><type>setof text</type></entry>
> ! <entry>get <type>hstore</>'s values as a set</entry>
> <entry><literal>svals('a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2')</literal></entry>
> <entry>
> <programlisting>
> *************** b
> *** 307,314 ****
>
> <row>
> <entry><function>each(hstore)</function></entry>
> ! <entry><type>setof (key text, value text)</type></entry>
> ! <entry>get <type>hstore</>'s keys and values as set</entry>
> <entry><literal>select * from each('a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2')</literal></entry>
> <entry>
> <programlisting>
> --- 323,330 ----
>
> <row>
> <entry><function>each(hstore)</function></entry>
> ! <entry><type>setof <literal>(key text, value text)</></type></entry>
> ! <entry>get <type>hstore</>'s keys and values as a set</entry>
> <entry><literal>select * from each('a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2')</literal></entry>
> <entry>
> <programlisting>
> *************** b
> *** 330,336 ****
> <row>
> <entry><function>defined(hstore,text)</function></entry>
> <entry><type>boolean</type></entry>
> ! <entry>does <type>hstore</> contain non-null value for key?</entry>
> <entry><literal>defined('a=&gt;NULL','a')</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>f</literal></entry>
> </row>
> --- 346,352 ----
> <row>
> <entry><function>defined(hstore,text)</function></entry>
> <entry><type>boolean</type></entry>
> ! <entry>does <type>hstore</> contain non-<literal>NULL</> value for key?</entry>
> <entry><literal>defined('a=&gt;NULL','a')</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>f</literal></entry>
> </row>
> *************** b
> *** 338,344 ****
> <row>
> <entry><function>delete(hstore,text)</function></entry>
> <entry><type>hstore</type></entry>
> ! <entry>delete any item matching key</entry>
> <entry><literal>delete('a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2','b')</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>"a"=>"1"</literal></entry>
> </row>
> --- 354,360 ----
> <row>
> <entry><function>delete(hstore,text)</function></entry>
> <entry><type>hstore</type></entry>
> ! <entry>delete pair with matching key</entry>
> <entry><literal>delete('a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2','b')</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>"a"=>"1"</literal></entry>
> </row>
> *************** b
> *** 346,352 ****
> <row>
> <entry><function>delete(hstore,text[])</function></entry>
> <entry><type>hstore</type></entry>
> ! <entry>delete any item matching any of the keys</entry>
> <entry><literal>delete('a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2,c=&gt;3',ARRAY['a','b'])</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>"c"=>"3"</literal></entry>
> </row>
> --- 362,368 ----
> <row>
> <entry><function>delete(hstore,text[])</function></entry>
> <entry><type>hstore</type></entry>
> ! <entry>delete pairs with matching keys</entry>
> <entry><literal>delete('a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2,c=&gt;3',ARRAY['a','b'])</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>"c"=>"3"</literal></entry>
> </row>
> *************** b
> *** 354,360 ****
> <row>
> <entry><function>delete(hstore,hstore)</function></entry>
> <entry><type>hstore</type></entry>
> ! <entry>delete any key/value pair with an exact match in the second argument</entry>
> <entry><literal>delete('a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2','a=&gt;4,b=&gt;2'::hstore)</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>"a"=>"1"</literal></entry>
> </row>
> --- 370,376 ----
> <row>
> <entry><function>delete(hstore,hstore)</function></entry>
> <entry><type>hstore</type></entry>
> ! <entry>delete pairs matching those in the second argument</entry>
> <entry><literal>delete('a=&gt;1,b=&gt;2','a=&gt;4,b=&gt;2'::hstore)</literal></entry>
> <entry><literal>"a"=>"1"</literal></entry>
> </row>
> *************** b
> *** 362,368 ****
> <row>
> <entry><function>populate_record(record,hstore)</function></entry>
> <entry><type>record</type></entry>
> ! <entry>replace fields in record with matching values from hstore</entry>
> <entry>see Examples section</entry>
> <entry></entry>
> </row>
> --- 378,384 ----
> <row>
> <entry><function>populate_record(record,hstore)</function></entry>
> <entry><type>record</type></entry>
> ! <entry>replace fields in <type>record</> with matching values from <type>hstore</></entry>
> <entry>see Examples section</entry>
> <entry></entry>
> </row>
> *************** b
> *** 374,380 ****
> <note>
> <para>
> The function <function>populate_record</function> is actually declared
> ! with <type>anyelement</>, not <type>record</>, as its first argument;
> but it will reject non-record types with a runtime error.
> </para>
> </note>
> --- 390,396 ----
> <note>
> <para>
> The function <function>populate_record</function> is actually declared
> ! with <type>anyelement</>, not <type>record</>, as its first argument,
> but it will reject non-record types with a runtime error.
> </para>
> </note>
> *************** b
> *** 384,392 ****
> <title>Indexes</title>
>
> <para>
> ! <type>hstore</> has index support for <literal>@&gt;</>, <literal>?</>,
> ! <literal>?&</> and <literal>?|</> operators. You can use either
> ! GiST or GIN index types. For example:
> </para>
> <programlisting>
> CREATE INDEX hidx ON testhstore USING GIST (h);
> --- 400,407 ----
> <title>Indexes</title>
>
> <para>
> ! <type>hstore</> has GiST and GIN index support for the <literal>@&gt;</>,
> ! <literal>?</>, <literal>?&</> and <literal>?|</> operators. For example:
> </para>
> <programlisting>
> CREATE INDEX hidx ON testhstore USING GIST (h);
> *************** CREATE INDEX hidx ON testhstore USING GI
> *** 395,408 ****
> </programlisting>
>
> <para>
> ! Additionally, <type>hstore</> has index support for the <literal>=</>
> ! operator using the <type>btree</> or <type>hash</> index types. This
> ! allows <type>hstore</> columns to be declared UNIQUE, or used with
> ! GROUP BY, ORDER BY or DISTINCT. The sort ordering for <type>hstore</>
> ! values is not intended to be particularly useful; it merely brings
> ! exactly equal values together.
> ! If an index is needed to support <literal>=</> comparisons it can be
> ! created as follows:
> </para>
> <programlisting>
> CREATE INDEX hidx ON testhstore USING BTREE (h);
> --- 410,422 ----
> </programlisting>
>
> <para>
> ! <type>hstore</> also supports <type>btree</> or <type>hash</> indexes for
> ! the <literal>=</> operator. This allows <type>hstore</> columns to be
> ! declared <literal>UNIQUE</>, or to be used in <literal>GROUP BY</>,
> ! <literal>ORDER BY</> or <literal>DISTINCT</> expressions. The sort ordering
> ! for <type>hstore</> values is not particularly useful, but these indexes
> ! may be useful for equivalence lookups. Create indexes for <literal>=</>
> ! comparisons as follows:
> </para>
> <programlisting>
> CREATE INDEX hidx ON testhstore USING BTREE (h);
> *************** CREATE INDEX hidx ON testhstore USING HA
> *** 418,424 ****
> Add a key, or update an existing key with a new value:
> </para>
> <programlisting>
> ! UPDATE tab SET h = h || ('c' => '3');
> </programlisting>
>
> <para>
> --- 432,438 ----
> Add a key, or update an existing key with a new value:
> </para>
> <programlisting>
> ! UPDATE tab SET h = h || ('c' =&gt; '3');
> </programlisting>
>
> <para>
> *************** UPDATE tab SET h = delete(h, 'k1');
> *** 429,435 ****
> </programlisting>
>
> <para>
> ! Convert a record to an hstore:
> </para>
> <programlisting>
> CREATE TABLE test (col1 integer, col2 text, col3 text);
> --- 443,449 ----
> </programlisting>
>
> <para>
> ! Convert a <type>record</> to an <type>hstore</>:
> </para>
> <programlisting>
> CREATE TABLE test (col1 integer, col2 text, col3 text);
> *************** INSERT INTO test VALUES (123, 'foo', 'ba
> *** 438,455 ****
> SELECT hstore(t) FROM test AS t;
> hstore
> ---------------------------------------------
> ! "col1"=>"123", "col2"=>"foo", "col3"=>"bar"
> (1 row)
> </programlisting>
>
> <para>
> ! Convert an hstore to a predefined record type:
> </para>
> <programlisting>
> CREATE TABLE test (col1 integer, col2 text, col3 text);
>
> SELECT * FROM populate_record(null::test,
> ! '"col1"=>"456", "col2"=>"zzz"');
> col1 | col2 | col3
> ------+------+------
> 456 | zzz |
> --- 452,469 ----
> SELECT hstore(t) FROM test AS t;
> hstore
> ---------------------------------------------
> ! "col1"=&gt;"123", "col2"=&gt;"foo", "col3"=&gt;"bar"
> (1 row)
> </programlisting>
>
> <para>
> ! Convert an <type>hstore</> to a predefined <type>record</> type:
> </para>
> <programlisting>
> CREATE TABLE test (col1 integer, col2 text, col3 text);
>
> SELECT * FROM populate_record(null::test,
> ! '"col1"=&gt;"456", "col2"=&gt;"zzz"');
> col1 | col2 | col3
> ------+------+------
> 456 | zzz |
> *************** SELECT * FROM populate_record(null::test
> *** 457,469 ****
> </programlisting>
>
> <para>
> ! Modify an existing record using the values from an hstore:
> </para>
> <programlisting>
> CREATE TABLE test (col1 integer, col2 text, col3 text);
> INSERT INTO test VALUES (123, 'foo', 'bar');
>
> ! SELECT (r).* FROM (SELECT t #= '"col3"=>"baz"' AS r FROM test t) s;
> col1 | col2 | col3
> ------+------+------
> 123 | foo | baz
> --- 471,483 ----
> </programlisting>
>
> <para>
> ! Modify an existing record using the values from an <type>hstore</>:
> </para>
> <programlisting>
> CREATE TABLE test (col1 integer, col2 text, col3 text);
> INSERT INTO test VALUES (123, 'foo', 'bar');
>
> ! SELECT (r).* FROM (SELECT t #= '"col3"=&gt;"baz"' AS r FROM test t) s;
> col1 | col2 | col3
> ------+------+------
> 123 | foo | baz
> *************** SELECT (r).* FROM (SELECT t #= '"col3"=>
> *** 477,491 ****
> <para>
> The <type>hstore</> type, because of its intrinsic liberality, could
> contain a lot of different keys. Checking for valid keys is the task of the
> ! application. Examples below demonstrate several techniques for checking
> ! keys and obtaining statistics.
> </para>
>
> <para>
> Simple example:
> </para>
> <programlisting>
> ! SELECT * FROM each('aaa=>bq, b=>NULL, ""=>1');
> </programlisting>
>
> <para>
> --- 491,505 ----
> <para>
> The <type>hstore</> type, because of its intrinsic liberality, could
> contain a lot of different keys. Checking for valid keys is the task of the
> ! application. The following examples demonstrate several techniques for
> ! checking keys and obtaining statistics.
> </para>
>
> <para>
> Simple example:
> </para>
> <programlisting>
> ! SELECT * FROM each('aaa=&gt;bq, b=&gt;NULL, ""=&gt;1');
> </programlisting>
>
> <para>
> *************** SELECT key, count(*) FROM
> *** 523,530 ****
>
> <para>
> <emphasis>When upgrading from older versions, always load the new
> ! version of this module into the database before restoring an old
> ! dump. Otherwise, many new features will be unavailable.</emphasis>
> </para>
>
> <para>
> --- 537,544 ----
>
> <para>
> <emphasis>When upgrading from older versions, always load the new
> ! version of this module into the database before restoring a dump.
> ! Otherwise, many new features will be unavailable.</emphasis>
> </para>
>
> <para>
> *************** SELECT key, count(*) FROM
> *** 535,546 ****
> </para>
>
> <para>
> ! In the event of doing a binary upgrade, upward
> ! compatibility is maintained by having the new code recognize
> ! old-format data. This will entail a slight performance penalty when
> ! processing data that has not yet been modified by the new code. It is
> ! possible to force an upgrade of all values in a table column
> ! by doing an UPDATE statement as follows:
> </para>
> <programlisting>
> UPDATE tablename SET hstorecol = hstorecol || '';
> --- 549,559 ----
> </para>
>
> <para>
> ! In the event of a binary upgrade, upward compatibility is maintained by
> ! having the new code recognize old-format data. This will entail a slight
> ! performance penalty when processing data that has not yet been modified by
> ! the new code. It is possible to force an upgrade of all values in a table
> ! column by doing an <literal>UPDATE</> statement as follows:
> </para>
> <programlisting>
> UPDATE tablename SET hstorecol = hstorecol || '';
> *************** ALTER TABLE tablename ALTER hstorecol TY
> *** 569,575 ****
> </para>
>
> <para>
> ! Additional enhancements by Andrew Gierth <email>andrew(at)tao11(dot)riddles(dot)org(dot)uk</email>, United Kingdom
> </para>
> </sect2>
>
> --- 582,589 ----
> </para>
>
> <para>
> ! Additional enhancements by Andrew Gierth <email>andrew(at)tao11(dot)riddles(dot)org(dot)uk</email>,
> ! United Kingdom
> </para>
> </sect2>
>
> --
> 1.6.4
>
> --
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--
Bruce Momjian <bruce(at)momjian(dot)us> http://momjian.us
EnterpriseDB http://enterprisedb.com

+ If your life is a hard drive, Christ can be your backup. +