BUG #18322: pg_dump fails with "incorrect version found" (with no good reason)

The following bug has been logged on the website:

Bug reference: 18322
Logged by: Bernd Wechner
Email address: bwechner(at)yahoo(dot)com
PostgreSQL version: 14.10
Operating system: Ubunto 22.04
Description:

The scenario:

- Clean Ubuntu 22.04 install, with postgresql from the ubunto repos (apt
install postgresql)
- copy over the data directory from a PostgreSQL 12 server
- Installed PostgresSQL 12 (from the PGDG repo as Ubuntu only provide one
version)
- attempt to upgrade the database from 12 to 14 using pg_upgrade.

pg_upgrade fails with:

check for "/usr/lib/postgresql/14/bin/pg_dump" failed: incorrect version:
found "pg_dump (PostgreSQL) 14.10 (Ubuntu 14.10-0ubuntu0.22.04.1)", expected
"pg_dump (PostgreSQL) 14.10 (Ubuntu 14.10-1.pgdg22.04+1)"

It would appear that 14.10 is not 14.10 and that pg_dump is including the
build annotation in its comparison and call 14.10 (Ubuntu
14.10-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) not equal to 14.10 (Ubuntu 14.10-1.pgdg22.04+1).

It is hard to imagine that level of precision having any utility. The
workaround I must pursue is to uninstall 14 and reinstall from the PGDG
repo.