Re: WIP Patch: Selective binary conversion of CSV file foreign tables

Hi KaiGai-san,

Thank you for the review.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: pgsql-hackers-owner(at)postgresql(dot)org
> [mailto:pgsql-hackers-owner(at)postgresql(dot)org] On Behalf Of Kohei KaiGai
> Sent: Wednesday, June 20, 2012 1:26 AM
> To: Etsuro Fujita
> Cc: Robert Haas; pgsql-hackers(at)postgresql(dot)org
> Subject: Re: [HACKERS] WIP Patch: Selective binary conversion of CSV file
> foreign tables
>
> Hi Fujita-san,
>
> Could you rebase this patch towards the latest tree?
> It was unavailable to apply the patch cleanly.

Sorry, I updated the patch. Please find attached an updated version of the
patch.

> I looked over the patch, then noticed a few points.
>
> At ProcessCopyOptions(), defel->arg can be NIL, isn't it?
> If so, cstate->convert_binary is not a suitable flag to check redundant
> option. It seems to me cstate->convert_selectively is more suitable flag
> to check it.
>
> + else if (strcmp(defel->defname, "convert_binary") == 0)
> + {
> + if (cstate->convert_binary)
> + ereport(ERROR,
> + (errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
> + errmsg("conflicting or redundant options")));
> + cstate->convert_selectively = true;
> + if (defel->arg == NULL || IsA(defel->arg, List))
> + cstate->convert_binary = (List *) defel->arg;
> + else
> + ereport(ERROR,
> + (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
> + errmsg("argument to option \"%s\" must be a
> list of column names",
> + defel->defname)));
> + }

Yes, defel->arg can be NIL. defel->arg is a List structure listing all the
columns needed to be converted to binary representation, which is NIL for
the case where no columns are needed to be converted. For example,
defel->arg is NIL for SELECT COUNT(*). In this case, while
cstate->convert_selectively is set to true, no columns are converted at
NextCopyFrom(). Most efficient case! In short, cstate->convert_selectively
represents whether to do selective binary conversion at NextCopyFrom(), and
cstate->convert_binary represents all the columns to be converted at
NextCopyFrom(), that can be NIL.

> At NextCopyFrom(), this routine computes default values if configured.
> In case when these values are not referenced, it might be possible to skip
> unnecessary calculations.
> Is it unavailable to add logic to avoid to construct cstate->defmap on
> unreferenced columns at BeginCopyFrom()?

I think that we don't need to add the above logic because file_fdw does
BeginCopyFrom() with attnamelist = NIL, in which case, BeginCopyFrom()
doesn't construct cstate->defmap at all.

I fixed a bug plus some minor optimization in check_binary_conversion() that
is renamed to check_selective_binary_conversion() in the updated version,
and now file_fdw gives up selective binary conversion for the following
cases:

a) BINARY format
b) CSV/TEXT format and whole row reference
c) CSV/TEXT format and all the user attributes needed

Best regards,
Etsuro Fujita

> Thanks,
>
> 2012/5/11 Etsuro Fujita <fujita(dot)etsuro(at)lab(dot)ntt(dot)co(dot)jp>:
> >> -----Original Message-----
> >> From: Robert Haas [mailto:robertmhaas(at)gmail(dot)com]
> >> Sent: Friday, May 11, 2012 1:36 AM
> >> To: Etsuro Fujita
> >> Cc: pgsql-hackers(at)postgresql(dot)org
> >> Subject: Re: [HACKERS] WIP Patch: Selective binary conversion of CSV
> >> file foreign tables
> >>
> >> On Tue, May 8, 2012 at 7:26 AM, Etsuro Fujita
> > <fujita(dot)etsuro(at)lab(dot)ntt(dot)co(dot)jp>
> >> wrote:
> >> > I would like to propose to improve parsing efficiency of
> >> > contrib/file_fdw by selective parsing proposed by Alagiannis et
> >> > al.[1], which means that for a CSV/TEXT file foreign table,
> >> > file_fdw performs binary conversion only for the columns needed for
> >> > query processing. Attached is a WIP patch implementing the feature.
> >>
> >> Can you add this to the next CommitFest? Looks interesting.
> >
> > Done.
> >
> > Best regards,
> > Etsuro Fujita
> >
> >> --
> >> Robert Haas
> >> EnterpriseDB: http://www.enterprisedb.com The Enterprise PostgreSQL
> >> Company
> >>
> >
> >
> >
> > --
> > Sent via pgsql-hackers mailing list (pgsql-hackers(at)postgresql(dot)org) To
> > make changes to your subscription:
> > http://www.postgresql.org/mailpref/pgsql-hackers
>
>
>
> --
> KaiGai Kohei <kaigai(at)kaigai(dot)gr(dot)jp>
>
> --
> Sent via pgsql-hackers mailing list (pgsql-hackers(at)postgresql(dot)org) To make
> changes to your subscription:
> http://www.postgresql.org/mailpref/pgsql-hackers
>

begin 666 file_fdw_sel_bin_conv_v2.patch
M9&EF9B M+6=I="!A+V-O;G1R:6(O9FEL95]F9'<O9FEL95]F9'<N8R!B+V-O
M;G1R:6(O9FEL95]F9'<O9FEL95]F9'<N8PII;F1E>"!E,V(Y,C(S+BYF9#DT
M,3)F(#$P,#8T- HM+2T(at)82]C;VYT<FEB+V9I;&5?9F1W+V9I;&5?9F1W+F,*
M*RLK(&(O8V]N=')I8B]F:6QE7V9D=R]F:6QE7V9D=RYC"D! ("TQ-BPV("LQ
M-BPW($! "B C:6YC;'5D92 \=6YI<W1D+F(at)^"B *("-I;F-L=61E(")A8V-E
M<W,O<F5L;W!T:6]N<RYH(@HK(VEN8VQU9&4@(F%C8V5S<R]S>7-A='1R+F(at)B
M"B C:6YC;'5D92 B8V%T86QO9R]P9U]F;W)E:6=N7W1A8FQE+F(at)B"B C:6YC
M;'5D92 B8V]M;6%N9',O8V]P>2YH(@H@(VEN8VQU9&4@(F-O;6UA;F1S+V1E
M9G)E;2YH(@I 0" M,CDL-B K,S L-R! 0 H@(VEN8VQU9&4@(F]P=&EM:7IE
M<B]P871H;F]D92YH(@H@(VEN8VQU9&4@(F]P=&EM:7IE<B]P;&%N;6%I;BYH
M(@H@(VEN8VQU9&4@(F]P=&EM:7IE<B]R97-T<FEC=&EN9F\N:"(**R-I;F-L
M=61E(")O<'1I;6EZ97(O=F%R+F(at)B"B C:6YC;'5D92 B=71I;',O;65M=71I
M;',N:"(*("-I;F-L=61E(")U=&EL<R]R96PN:"(*( I 0" M,3,V+#8(at)*S$S
M."PY($! ('-T871I8R!B;V]L(&ES7W9A;&ED7V]P=&EO;BAC;VYS="!C:&%R
M("IO<'1I;VXL($]I9"!C;VYT97AT*3L*('-T871I8R!V;VED(&9I;&5'971/
M<'1I;VYS*$]I9"!F;W)E:6=N=&%B;&5I9"P*( D)"2 @(&-H87(@*BIF:6QE
M;F%M92P(at)3&ES=" J*F]T:&5R7V]P=&EO;G,I.PH@<W1A=&EC($QI<W0(at)*F=E
M=%]F:6QE7V9D=U]A='1R:6)U=&5?;W!T:6]N<RA/:60@<F5L:60I.PHK<W1A
M=&EC(&)O;VP(at)8VAE8VM?<V5L96-T:79E7V)I;F%R>5]C;VYV97)S:6]N*%)E
M;$]P=$EN9F\(at)*F)A<V5R96PL"BL)"0D)"0D)"0D)"2 @3VED(&9O<F5I9VYT
M86)L96ED+ HK"0D)"0D)"0D)"0D@($QI<W0(at)*BIC;VQU;6YS*3L*('-T871I
M8R!V;VED(&5S=&EM871E7W-I>F4H4&QA;FYE<DEN9F\(at)*G)O;W0L(%)E;$]P
M=$EN9F\(at)*F)A<V5R96PL"B )"0D@($9I;&5&9'=0;&%N4W1A=&4(at)*F9D=U]P
M<FEV871E*3L*('-T871I8R!V;VED(&5S=&EM871E7V-O<W1S*%!L86YN97))
M;F9O("IR;V]T+"!296Q/<'1);F9O("IB87-E<F5L+ I 0" M-#4W+#8(at)*S0V
M,BPQ-B! 0"!F:6QE1V5T1F]R96EG;E!A=&AS*%!L86YN97));F9O("IR;V]T
M+ H@"49I;&5&9'=0;&%N4W1A=&4(at)*F9D=U]P<FEV871E(#T(at)*$9I;&5&9'=0
M;&%N4W1A=&4(at)*BD@8F%S97)E;"T^9F1W7W!R:79A=&4["B )0V]S= D)<W1A
M<G1U<%]C;W-T.PH@"4-O<W0)"71O=&%L7V-O<W0["BL)8F]O; D)<F5S=6QT
M.PHK"4QI<W0)(" @*F-O;'5M;G,["BL)3&ES= D@(" J8V]P=&EO;B ]($Y)
M3#L**PHK"2\J($1E8VED92!W:&5T:&5R('1O('-E;&5C=&EV96QY('!E<F9O
M<FT(at)8FEN87)Y(&-O;G9E<G-I;VX(at)*B\**PER97-U;'0@/2!C:&5C:U]S96QE
M8W1I=F5?8FEN87)Y7V-O;G9E<G-I;VXH8F%S97)E;"P**PD)"0D)"0D)"0D)
M(" @9F]R96EG;G1A8FQE:60L"BL)"0D)"0D)"0D)"2 @("9C;VQU;6YS*3L*
M*PEI9B H<F5S=6QT*0HK"0EC;W!T:6]N(#T@;&ES=%]M86ME,2AM86ME1&5F
M16QE;2(at)B8V]N=F5R=%]B:6YA<GDB+" H3F]D92 J*2!C;VQU;6YS*2D["B *
M( DO*B!%<W1I;6%T92!C;W-T<R J+PH@"65S=&EM871E7V-O<W1S*')O;W0L
M(&)A<V5R96PL(&9D=U]P<FEV871E+ I 0" M-#<P+#<@*S0X-2PW($! (&9I
M;&5'971&;W)E:6=N4&%T:',H4&QA;FYE<DEN9F\(at)*G)O;W0L"B )"0D)"0D)
M"0D(at)=&]T86Q?8V]S="P*( D)"0D)"0D)"2!.24PL"0DO*B!N;R!P871H:V5Y
M<R J+PH@"0D)"0D)"0D)($Y53$PL"0DO*B!N;R!O=71E<B!R96P(at)96ET:&5R
M("HO"BT)"0D)"0D)"0D(at)3DE,*2D["0DO*B!N;R!F9'=?<')I=F%T92!D871A
M("HO"BL)"0D)"0D)"0D(at)8V]P=&EO;BDI.PH@"B )+RH*( D(at)*B!)9B!D871A
M(&9I;&4(at)=V%S('-O<G1E9"P(at)86YD('=E(&MN97<@:70@<V]M96AO=RP(at)=V4@
M8V]U;&0@:6YS97)T"D! ("TU,#<L-R K-3(R+#<@0$ @9FEL94=E=$9O<F5I
M9VY0;&%N*%!L86YN97));F9O("IR;V]T+ H@"0D)"0D)"7-C86Y?8VQA=7-E
M<RP*( D)"0D)"0ES8V%N7W)E;&ED+ H@"0D)"0D)"4Y)3"P)+RH@;F\(at)97AP
M<F5S<VEO;G,@=&\(at)979A;'5A=&4(at)*B\*+0D)"0D)"0E.24PI.PD)+RH@;F\@
M<')I=F%T92!S=&%T92!E:71H97(@*B\**PD)"0D)"0EB97-T7W!A=&@M/F9D
M=U]P<FEV871E*3L*('T*( H(at)+RH*0$ @+34T-"PV("LU-3DL-R! 0"!F:6QE
M17AP;&%I;D9O<F5I9VY38V%N*$9O<F5I9VY38V%N4W1A=&4(at)*FYO9&4L($5X
M<&QA:6Y3=&%T92 J97,I"B!S=&%T:6,@=F]I9 H(at)9FEL94)E9VEN1F]R96EG
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M;&5N86UE+" F;W!T:6]N<RD["B **PDO*B!!9&0(at)86X@;W!T:6]N(&9O<B!S
M96QE8W1I=F4(at)8FEN87)Y(&-O;G9E<G-I;VX(at)*B\**PEI9BAP;&%N+3YF9'=?
M<')I=F%T92 A/2!.24PI"BL)"6]P=&EO;G,@/2!L:7-T7V-O;F-A="AO<'1I
M;VYS+"!P;&%N+3YF9'=?<')I=F%T92D["BL*( DO*(at)H@"2 J($-R96%T92!#
M;W!Y4W1A=&4(at)9G)O;2!&1%<@;W!T:6]N<RX@(%=E(&%L=V%Y<R!A8W%U:7)E
M(&%L;"!C;VQU;6YS+"!S;PH@"2 J(&%S('1O(&UA=&-H('1H92!E>'!E8W1E
M9"!38V%N5'5P;&53;&]T('-I9VYA='5R92X*0$ @+38Y-2PV("LW,34L,3$R
M($! (&9I;&5!;F%L>7IE1F]R96EG;E1A8FQE*%)E;&%T:6]N(')E;&%T:6]N
M+ H(at)?0H@"B O*(at)HK("H(at)8VAE8VM?<V5L96-T:79E7V)I;F%R>5]C;VYV97)S
M:6]N"BL(at)*B\**W-T871I8R!B;V]L"BMC:&5C:U]S96QE8W1I=F5?8FEN87)Y
M7V-O;G9E<G-I;VXH4F5L3W!T26YF;R J8F%S97)E;"P**PD)"0D)"0D)("!/
M:60(at)9F]R96EG;G1A8FQE:60L"BL)"0D)"0D)"2 @3&ES=" J*F-O;'5M;G,I
M"BM["BL)1F]R96EG;E1A8FQE("IT86)L93L**PE,:7-T0V5L;" @("IL8SL*
M*PE296QA=&EO;@ER96P["BL)5'5P;&5$97-C"71U<&QE1&5S8SL**PE!='1R
M3G5M8F5R"6%T=&YU;3L**PE":71M87!S970@("IA='1R<U]U<V5D(#T(at)3E5,
M3#L**PE":71M87!S970@("IT;7!S970["BL):6YT"0D)8VYT.PHK"6EN= D)
M"6D["BL**PDJ8V]L=6UN<R ]($Y)3#L**PHK"2\J"BL)("H(at)17AA;6EN92!F
M;W)M870@;V8(at)=&AE(&9I;&4N("!)9B!B:6YA<GD(at)9F]R;6%T+"!W92!D;VXG
M="!N965D('1O(&-O;G9E<G0**PD(at)*B!A="!A;&PN"BL)("HO"BL)=&%B;&4@
M/2!'971&;W)E:6=N5&%B;&4H9F]R96EG;G1A8FQE:60I.PHK"69O<F5A8V(at)H
M;&,L('1A8FQE+3YO<'1I;VYS*0HK"7L**PD)1&5F16QE;2 @(" J9&5F(#T@
M*$1E9D5L96T(at)*BD@;&9I<G-T*&QC*3L**PHK"0EI9B H<W1R8VUP*&1E9BT^
M9&5F;F%M92P@(F9O<FUA="(I(#T](# I"BL)"7L**PD)"6-H87()(" @*F9O
M<FUA=" ](&1E9D=E=%-T<FEN9RAD968I.PHK"BL)"0EI9B H<W1R8VUP*&9O
M<FUA="P@(F)I;F%R>2(I(#T](# I"BL)"0D)<F5T=7)N(&9A;'-E.PHK"0D)
M8G)E86L["BL)"7T**PE]"BL**PDO*B!!9&0(at)86QL('1H92!A='1R:6)U=&5S
M(&YE961E9"!F;W(@:F]I;G,@;W(@9FEN86P@;W5T<'5T+B J+PHK"7!U;&Q?
M=F%R871T;F]S*"A.;V1E("HI(&)A<V5R96PM/G)E;'1A<F=E=&QI<W0L(&)A
M<V5R96PM/G)E;&ED+" F871T<G-?=7-E9"D["BL**PDO*B!!9&0(at)86QL('1H
M92!A='1R:6)U=&5S('5S960(at)8GD@<F5S=')I8W1I;VX(at)8VQA=7-E<RX(at)*B\*
M*PEF;W)E86-H*&QC+"!B87-E<F5L+3YB87-E<F5S=')I8W1I;F9O*0HK"7L*
M*PD)4F5S=')I8W1);F9O(" @*G)I;F9O(#T(at)*%)E<W1R:6-T26YF;R J*2!L
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M871T;G5M(#T(at)8FUS7V9I<G-T7VUE;6)E<BAT;7!S970I*2 ^/2 P*0HK"7L*
M*PD)+RH(at)061J=7-T(&9O<B!S>7-T96T(at)871T<FEB=71E<RX(at)*B\**PD)871T
M;G5M("L]($9I<G-T3&]W26YV86QI9$AE87!!='1R:6)U=&5.=6UB97(["BL*
M*PD)+RH(at)268@=VAO;&4M<F]W(')E9F5R96YC92P(at)9VEV92!U<"X(at)*B\**PD)
M:68(at)*&%T=&YU;2 ]/2 P*0HK"0E["BL)"0DJ8V]L=6UN<R ]($Y)3#L**PD)
M"7)E='5R;B!F86QS93L**PD)?0HK"BL)"2\J($EG;F]R92!S>7-T96T(at)871T
M<FEB=71E<RX(at)*B\**PD):68(at)*&%T=&YU;2 \(# I"BL)"0EC;VYT:6YU93L*
M*PHK"0DO*B!'970(at)=7-E<B!A='1R:6)U=&5S+B J+PHK"0EI9B H871T;G5M
M(#X@,"D**PD)>PHK"0D)1F]R;5]P9U]A='1R:6)U=&4(at)871T<B ]('1U<&QE
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M<U-H87)E3&]C:RD["BL**PDO*B!)9B!A;&P(at)=&AE('5S97(@871T<FEB=71E
M<R!N965D960L(&=I=F4(at)=7 N("HO"BL)8VYT(#T@,#L**PEF;W(@*&D@/2 P
M.R!I(#P(at)='5P;&5$97-C+3YN871T<SL@:2LK*0HK"7L**PD)1F]R;5]P9U]A
M='1R:6)U=&4(at)871T<B ]('1U<&QE1&5S8RT^871T<G-;:5T["BL**PD)+RH@
M4VMI<"!D<F]P<&5D(&%T=')I8G5T97,N("HO"BL)"6EF("AA='1R+3YA='1I
M<V1R;W!P960I"BL)"0EC;VYT:6YU93L**PD)8VYT*RL["BL)?0HK"6EF("AC
M;G0@/3T@;&ES=%]L96YG=&@H*F-O;'5M;G,I*0HK"7L**PD)*F-O;'5M;G,@
M/2!.24P["BL)"7)E='5R;B!F86QS93L**PE]"BL**PER971U<FX(at)=')U93L*
M*WT**PHK+RH*(" J($5S=&EM871E('-I>F4@;V8(at)82!F;W)E:6=N('1A8FQE
M+(at)H@("H*(" J(%1H92!M86EN(')E<W5L="!I<R!R971U<FYE9"!I;B!B87-E
M<F5L+3YR;W=S+B @5V4(at)86QS;R!S970*9&EF9B M+6=I="!A+W-R8R]B86-K
M96YD+V-O;6UA;F1S+V-O<'DN8R!B+W-R8R]B86-K96YD+V-O;6UA;F1S+V-O
M<'DN8PII;F1E>" Y.&)C8C)F+BXP,30S9#(at)Q(#$P,#8T- HM+2T(at)82]S<F,O
M8F%C:V5N9"]C;VUM86YD<R]C;W!Y+F,**RLK(&(O<W)C+V)A8VME;F0O8V]M
M;6%N9',O8V]P>2YC"D! ("TQ,C(L-B K,3(R+#$Q($! ('1Y<&5D968@<W1R
M=6-T($-O<'E3=&%T941A=&$*( E,:7-T"2 @("IF;W)C95]N;W1N=6QL.PDO
M*B!L:7-T(&]F(&-O;'5M;B!N86UE<R J+PH@"6)O;VP)(" @*F9O<F-E7VYO
M=&YU;&Q?9FQA9W,["2\J('!E<BUC;VQU;6X(at)0U-6($9.3B!F;&%G<R J+PH@
M"BL)+RH@<&%R86UE=&5R<R!F<F]M(&-O;G1R:6(O9FEL95]F9'<@*B\**PE,
M:7-T"2 @("IC;VYV97)T7V)I;F%R>3L)+RH@;&ES="!O9B!C;VQU;6X@;F%M
M97,@*B\**PEB;V]L"2 @("IC;VYV97)T7V)I;F%R>5]F;&%G<SL)+RH@<&5R
M+6-O;'5M;B!#4U8O5$585"!#0B!F;&%G<R J+PHK"6)O;VP)"6-O;G9E<G1?
M<V5L96-T:79E;'D["2\J('-E;&5C=&EV92!B:6YA<GD(at)8V]N=F5R<VEO;C\@
M*B\**PH@"2\J('1H97-E(&%R92!J=7-T(&9O<B!E<G)O<B!M97-S86=E<RP@
M<V5E($-O<'E&<F]M17)R;W)#86QL8F%C:R J+PH@"6-O;G-T(&-H87(@*F-U
M<E]R96QN86UE.PDO*B!T86)L92!N86UE(&9O<B!E<G)O<B!M97-S86=E<R J
M+PH@"6EN= D)"6-U<E]L:6YE;F\["0DO*B!L:6YE(&YU;6)E<B!F;W(@97)R
M;W(@;65S<V%G97,@*B\*0$ @+3DV,2PV("LY-C8L,C$(at)0$ @4')O8V5S<T-O
M<'E/<'1I;VYS*$-O<'E3=&%T92!C<W1A=&4L"B )"0D)"0D(at)97)R;7-G*")A
M<F=U;65N="!T;R!O<'1I;VX(at)7"(E<UPB(&UU<W0(at)8F4@82!L:7-T(&]F(&-O
M;'5M;B!N86UE<R(L"B )"0D)"0D)"61E9F5L+3YD969N86UE*2DI.PH@"0E]
M"BL)"65L<V4@:68(at)*'-T<F-M<"AD969E;"T^9&5F;F%M92P@(F-O;G9E<G1?
M8FEN87)Y(BD@/3T@,"D**PD)>PHK"0D):68(at)*&-S=&%T92T^8V]N=F5R=%]B
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M/F-O;G9E<G1?8FEN87)Y(#T(at)*$QI<W0(at)*BD@9&5F96PM/F%R9SL**PD)"65L
M<V4**PD)"0EE<F5P;W)T*$524D]2+ HK"0D)"0D)*&5R<F-O9&4H15)20T]$
M15])3E9!3$E$7U!!4D%-151%4E]604Q512DL"BL)"0D)"0D(at)97)R;7-G*")A
M<F=U;65N="!T;R!O<'1I;VX(at)7"(E<UPB(&UU<W0(at)8F4@82!L:7-T(&]F(&-O
M;'5M;B!N86UE<R(L"BL)"0D)"0D)"61E9F5L+3YD969N86UE*2DI.PHK"0E]
M"B )"65L<V4@:68(at)*'-T<F-M<"AD969E;"T^9&5F;F%M92P@(F5N8V]D:6YG
M(BD@/3T@,"D*( D)>PH@"0D):68(at)*&-S=&%T92T^9FEL95]E;F-O9&EN9R ^
M/2 P*0I 0" M,3,P-RPV("LQ,S(W+#(X($! ($)E9VEN0V]P>2AB;V]L(&ES
M7V9R;VTL"B )"7T*( E]"B **PDO*B!#;VYV97)T(&-O;G9E<G0(at)8FEN87)Y
M(&YA;64@;&ES="!T;R!P97(M8V]L=6UN(&9L86=S+"!C:&5C:R!V86QI9&ET
M>2 J+PHK"6-S=&%T92T^8V]N=F5R=%]B:6YA<GE?9FQA9W,@/2 H8F]O;" J
M*2!P86QL;V,P*&YU;5]P:'ES7V%T=')S("H@<VEZ96]F*&)O;VPI*3L**PEI
M9B H8W-T871E+3YC;VYV97)T7V)I;F%R>2D**PE["BL)"4QI<W0)(" @*F%T
M=&YU;7,["BL)"4QI<W1#96QL(" @*F-U<CL**PHK"0EA='1N=6US(#T(at)0V]P
M>4=E=$%T=&YU;7,H='5P1&5S8RP(at)8W-T871E+3YR96PL(&-S=&%T92T^8V]N
M=F5R=%]B:6YA<GDI.PHK"BL)"69O<F5A8V(at)H8W5R+"!A='1N=6US*0HK"0E[
M"BL)"0EI;G0)"0EA='1N=6T@/2!L9FER<W1?:6YT*&-U<BD["BL**PD)"6EF
M("@A;&ES=%]M96UB97)?:6YT*&-S=&%T92T^871T;G5M;&ES="P(at)871T;G5M
M*2D**PD)"0EE<F5P;W)T*$524D]2+ HK"0D)"0D)*&5R<F-O9&4H15)20T]$
M15])3E9!3$E$7T-/3%5-3E]2149%4D5.0T4I+ HK"0D)"65R<FUS9R(at)B<V5L
M96-T960(at)8V]L=6UN(%PB)7-<(B!N;W0@<F5F97)E;F-E9"!B>2!#3U!9(BP*
M*PD)"0D)(" @3F%M95-T<BAT=7!$97-C+3YA='1R<UMA='1N=6T(at)+2 Q72T^
M871T;F%M92DI*2D["BL)"0EC<W1A=&4M/F-O;G9E<G1?8FEN87)Y7V9L86=S
M6V%T=&YU;2 M(#%=(#T(at)=')U93L**PD)?0HK"7T**PH@"2\J(%5S92!C;&EE
M;G0(at)96YC;V1I;F<@=VAE;B!%3D-/1$E.1R!O<'1I;VX@:7,@;F]T('-P96-I
M9FEE9"X(at)*B\*( EI9B H8W-T871E+3YF:6QE7V5N8V]D:6YG(#P@,"D*( D)
M8W-T871E+3YF:6QE7V5N8V]D:6YG(#T@<&=?9V5T7V-L:65N=%]E;F-O9&EN
M9R(at)I(dot)PI 0" M,C4V-2PR,R K,C8P-RPR-R! 0"!.97AT0V]P>49R;VTH0V]P
M>5-T871E(&-S=&%T92P(at)17AP<D-O;G1E>'0(at)*F5C;VYT97AT+ H@"0D)"0D)
M"0E.86UE4W1R*&%T=');;5TM/F%T=&YA;64I*2DI.PH@"0D)<W1R:6YG(#T@
M9FEE;&1?<W1R:6YG<UMF:65L9&YO*RM=.PH@"BT)"0EI9B H8W-T871E+3YC
M<W9?;6]D92 F)B!S=')I;F<@/3T(at)3E5,3" F)@HM"0D)"6-S=&%T92T^9F]R
M8V5?;F]T;G5L;%]F;&%G<UMM72D**PD)"6EF("@A8W-T871E+3YC;VYV97)T
M7W-E;&5C=&EV96QY('Q\"BL)"0D)8W-T871E+3YC;VYV97)T7V)I;F%R>5]F
M;&%G<UMM72D*( D)"7L*+0D)"0DO*B!';R!A:&5A9"!A;F0@<F5A9"!T:&4@
M3E5,3"!S=')I;F<@*B\*+0D)"0ES=')I;F<@/2!C<W1A=&4M/FYU;&Q?<')I
M;G0["BT)"0E]"BL)"0D):68(at)*&-S=&%T92T^8W-V7VUO9&4@)B8@<W1R:6YG
M(#T]($Y53$P@)B8**PD)"0D)8W-T871E+3YF;W)C95]N;W1N=6QL7V9L86=S
M6VU=*0HK"0D)"7L**PD)"0D)+RH(at)1V\@86AE860(at)86YD(')E860(at)=&AE($Y5
M3$P@<W1R:6YG("HO"BL)"0D)"7-T<FEN9R ](&-S=&%T92T^;G5L;%]P<FEN
M=#L**PD)"0E]"B *+0D)"6-S=&%T92T^8W5R7V%T=&YA;64@/2!.86UE4W1R
M*&%T=');;5TM/F%T=&YA;64I.PHM"0D)8W-T871E+3YC=7)?871T=F%L(#T@
M<W1R:6YG.PHM"0D)=F%L=65S6VU=(#T(at)26YP=71&=6YC=&EO;D-A;&PH)FEN
M7V9U;F-T:6]N<UMM72P*+0D)"0D)"0D)"0D@('-T<FEN9RP*+0D)"0D)"0D)
M"0D@('1Y<&EO<&%R86US6VU=+ HM"0D)"0D)"0D)"2 @871T<EMM72T^871T
M='EP;6]D*3L*+0D)"6EF("AS=')I;F<@(3T(at)3E5,3"D*+0D)"0EN=6QL<UMM
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M;F<@(3T(at)3E5,3"D**PD)"0D);G5L;'-;;5T@/2!F86QS93L**PD)"0EC<W1A
M=&4M/F-U<E]A='1N86UE(#T(at)3E5,3#L**PD)"0EC<W1A=&4M/F-U<E]A='1V
M86P@/2!.54Q,.PHK"0D)?0H@"0E]"B *( D)07-S97)T*&9I96QD;F\@/3T@
*;F9I96QD<RD["@``
`
end