Logical Replication of sequences

In the past, we have discussed various approaches to replicate
sequences by decoding the sequence changes from WAL. However, we faced
several challenges to achieve the same, some of which are due to the
non-transactional nature of sequences. The major ones were: (a)
correctness of the decoding part, some of the problems were discussed
at [1][2][3] (b) handling of sequences especially adding certain
sequences automatically (e.g. sequences backing SERIAL/BIGSERIAL
columns) for built-in logical replication is not considered in the
proposed work [1] (c) there were some performance concerns in not so
frequent scenarios [4] (see performance issues), we can probably deal
with this by making sequences optional for builtin logical replication

It could be possible that we can deal with these and any other issues
with more work but as the use case for this feature is primarily major
version upgrades it is not clear that we want to make such a big
change to the code or are there better alternatives to achieve the
same.

This time at pgconf.dev (https://2024.pgconf.dev/) we discussed
alternative approaches for this work which I would like to summarize.
The various methods we discussed are as follows:

1. Provide a tool to copy all the sequences from publisher to
subscriber. The major drawback is that users need to perform this as
an additional step during the upgrade which would be inconvenient and
probably not as useful as some built-in mechanism.
2. Provide a command say Alter Subscription ... Replicate Sequences
(or something like that) which users can perform before shutdown of
the publisher node during upgrade. This will allow copying all the
sequences from the publisher node to the subscriber node directly.
Similar to previous approach, this could also be inconvenient for
users.
3. Replicate published sequences via walsender at the time of shutdown
or incrementally while decoding checkpoint record. The two ways to
achieve this are: (a) WAL log a special NOOP record just before
shutting down checkpointer. Then allow the WALsender to read the
sequence data and send it to the subscriber while decoding the new
NOOP record. (b) Similar to the previous idea but instead of WAL
logging a new record directly invokes a decoding callback after
walsender receives a request to shutdown which will allow pgoutput to
read and send required sequences. This approach has a drawback that we
are adding more work at the time of shutdown but note that we already
waits for all the WAL records to be decoded and sent before shutting
down the walsender during shutdown of the node.

Any other ideas?

I have added the members I remember that were part of the discussion
in the email. Please feel free to correct me if I have misunderstood
or missed any point we talked about.

Thoughts?

[1] - https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/e4145f77-6f37-40e0-a770-aba359c50b93%40enterprisedb.com
[2] - https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CAA4eK1Lxt%2B5a9fA-B7FRzfd1vns%3DEwZTF5z9_xO9Ms4wsqD88Q%40mail.gmail.com
[3] - https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CAA4eK1KR4%3DyALKP0pOdVkqUwoUqD_v7oU3HzY-w0R_EBvgHL2w%40mail.gmail.com
[4] - https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/12822961-b7de-9d59-dd27-2e3dc3980c7e%40enterprisedb.com

--
With Regards,
Amit Kapila.