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PostgreSQL 9.5.25 Documentation
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Chapter 33. ECPG - Embedded SQL in C

Table of Contents

33.1. The Concept

33.2. Managing Database Connections

33.2.1. Connecting to the Database Server
33.2.2. Choosing a Connection
33.2.3. Closing a Connection

33.3. Running SQL Commands

33.3.1. Executing SQL Statements
33.3.2. Using Cursors
33.3.3. Managing Transactions
33.3.4. Prepared Statements

33.4. Using Host Variables

33.4.1. Overview
33.4.2. Declare Sections
33.4.3. Retrieving Query Results
33.4.4. Type Mapping
33.4.5. Handling Nonprimitive SQL Data Types
33.4.6. Indicators

33.5. Dynamic SQL

33.5.1. Executing Statements without a Result Set
33.5.2. Executing a Statement with Input Parameters
33.5.3. Executing a Statement with a Result Set

33.6. pgtypes Library

33.6.1. Character Strings
33.6.2. The numeric Type
33.6.3. The date Type
33.6.4. The timestamp Type
33.6.5. The interval Type
33.6.6. The decimal Type
33.6.7. errno Values of pgtypeslib
33.6.8. Special Constants of pgtypeslib

33.7. Using Descriptor Areas

33.7.1. Named SQL Descriptor Areas
33.7.2. SQLDA Descriptor Areas

33.8. Error Handling

33.8.1. Setting Callbacks
33.8.2. sqlca
33.8.3. SQLSTATE vs. SQLCODE

33.9. Preprocessor Directives

33.9.1. Including Files
33.9.2. The define and undef Directives
33.9.3. ifdef, ifndef, else, elif, and endif Directives

33.10. Processing Embedded SQL Programs

33.11. Library Functions

33.12. Large Objects

33.13. C++ Applications

33.13.1. Scope for Host Variables
33.13.2. C++ Application Development with External C Module

33.14. Embedded SQL Commands

ALLOCATE DESCRIPTOR -- allocate an SQL descriptor area
CONNECT -- establish a database connection
DEALLOCATE DESCRIPTOR -- deallocate an SQL descriptor area
DECLARE -- define a cursor
DESCRIBE -- obtain information about a prepared statement or result set
DISCONNECT -- terminate a database connection
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE -- dynamically prepare and execute a statement
GET DESCRIPTOR -- get information from an SQL descriptor area
OPEN -- open a dynamic cursor
PREPARE -- prepare a statement for execution
SET AUTOCOMMIT -- set the autocommit behavior of the current session
SET CONNECTION -- select a database connection
SET DESCRIPTOR -- set information in an SQL descriptor area
TYPE -- define a new data type
VAR -- define a variable
WHENEVER -- specify the action to be taken when an SQL statement causes a specific class condition to be raised

33.15. Informix Compatibility Mode

33.15.1. Additional Types
33.15.2. Additional/Missing Embedded SQL Statements
33.15.3. Informix-compatible SQLDA Descriptor Areas
33.15.4. Additional Functions
33.15.5. Additional Constants

33.16. Internals

This chapter describes the embedded SQL package for PostgreSQL. It was written by Linus Tolke (<linus@epact.se>) and Michael Meskes (<meskes@postgresql.org>). Originally it was written to work with C. It also works with C++, but it does not recognize all C++ constructs yet.

This documentation is quite incomplete. But since this interface is standardized, additional information can be found in many resources about SQL.

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